python - 在其他两个日期之间生成一个随机日期

Question

如何生成一个必须在另外两个给定日期之间的随机日期？

函数的签名应该是这样的:

random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", 0.34)
                   ^                       ^          ^

            date generated has  date generated has  a random number
            to be after this    to be before this

并会返回一个日期，例如:2/4/2008 7:20 PM

Answer 1

将两个字符串转换为时间戳(以您选择的分辨率，例如毫秒、秒、小时、天等)，从后面减去前面的，乘以您的随机数(假设它分布在 range [0 , 1]) 的区别，并再次添加到前面的那个。将时间戳转换回日期字符串，并且您在该范围内有一个随机时间。

Python 示例(输出几乎是您指定的格式，除了 0 填充 - 归咎于美国时间格式约定):

import random
import time
    
def str_time_prop(start, end, time_format, prop):
    """Get a time at a proportion of a range of two formatted times.

    start and end should be strings specifying times formatted in the
    given format (strftime-style), giving an interval [start, end].
    prop specifies how a proportion of the interval to be taken after
    start.  The returned time will be in the specified format.
    """

    stime = time.mktime(time.strptime(start, time_format))
    etime = time.mktime(time.strptime(end, time_format))

    ptime = stime + prop * (etime - stime)

    return time.strftime(time_format, time.localtime(ptime))


def random_date(start, end, prop):
    return str_time_prop(start, end, '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p', prop)
    
print(random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", random.random()))