java - 如何使用 FusedLocationProviderClient 在 GoogleMap 中获取当前位置

Question

我想获得定期(比如每 2 分钟)的当前位置更新我正在关注官方文档，我编写了这段代码，但即使在我传递的 LocationRequest 对象中指定，它也没有每两分钟提供一次当前位置更新在 requestLocationUpdates() 中，代码如下:

public class MapsActivity extends FragmentActivity implements OnMapReadyCallback,
    GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks, GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener{

private FusedLocationProviderClient FusedLocationClient;
private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);
    if (mGoogleApiClient == null) {
        mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();
    }

 SupportMapFragment map = 
  getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.map));

  map.getMapAsync(this);

  FusedLocationClient LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);
}


@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
    FusedLocationClient.getLastLocation()
            .addOnSuccessListener(this, new OnSuccessListener<Location>() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(Location location) {

                    if (location != null) {
                        Log.i("MainActivity ", "" + location.getLongitude()) 
                    }
                }
            });
FusedLocationClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);
FusedLocationClient.requestLocationUpdates(requestLocation(), 
new LocationCallback(){
        @Override
        public void onLocationResult(LocationResult locationResult) {
            for (Location location : locationResult.getLocations()) {
               Log.i("MainActivity ", "" + location.getLongitude());
               //not getting current location updates every 2 minutes
            }
        };

    },null);

}

@Override
public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {}

@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {}

Answer 1

这类似于我的 other answer here , 更新为使用最近推出的 FusedLocationProviderClient类。

为了将 FusedLocationProviderClient 与 Google map 结合使用:

1. 等待 Google map 准备就绪

2. 如果需要，在运行时请求位置权限

3. 在授予权限后请求位置更新

4. 获取用户位置后更新谷歌地图

首先确保您使用的是至少版本 11 的 Google Play 服务，因为旧版本没有 FusedLocationProviderClient 类(新版本也可以使用):

dependencies {
      implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.0'
      implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:17.0.0'
    //........
}

请注意，FusedLocationProviderClient 存在于版本 11.0.2 中，但由于初始实现中的错误，建议您仅在 11.6.0 及更高版本上使用此类。来自文档:

Note: It's recommended to use Google Play services version 11.6.0 or higher, which includes bug fixes for this class.

在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中，manifest 标签内和 application 标签外添加位置权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>

将 API key 添加到 application 标记内的 AndroidManifest.xml:

    <meta-data
            android:name="com.google.android.geo.API_KEY"
            android:value="AIza___YOUR_KEY_HERE______"/>

Kotlin

这是 Kotlin 中完整的 Activity 类:

class MapsActivity : AppCompatActivity(), OnMapReadyCallback {

    lateinit var mGoogleMap: GoogleMap
    var mapFrag: SupportMapFragment? = null
    lateinit var mLocationRequest: LocationRequest
    var mLastLocation: Location? = null
    internal var mCurrLocationMarker: Marker? = null
    internal var mFusedLocationClient: FusedLocationProviderClient? = null

    internal var mLocationCallback: LocationCallback = object : LocationCallback() {
        override fun onLocationResult(locationResult: LocationResult) {
            val locationList = locationResult.locations
            if (locationList.isNotEmpty()) {
                //The last location in the list is the newest
                val location = locationList.last()
                Log.i("MapsActivity", "Location: " + location.getLatitude() + " " + location.getLongitude())
                mLastLocation = location
                if (mCurrLocationMarker != null) {
                    mCurrLocationMarker?.remove()
                }

                //Place current location marker
                val latLng = LatLng(location.latitude, location.longitude)
                val markerOptions = MarkerOptions()
                markerOptions.position(latLng)
                markerOptions.title("Current Position")
                markerOptions.icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.defaultMarker(BitmapDescriptorFactory.HUE_MAGENTA))
                mCurrLocationMarker = mGoogleMap.addMarker(markerOptions)

                //move map camera
                mGoogleMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(latLng, 11.0F))
            }
        }
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps)

        supportActionBar?.title = "Map Location Activity"

        mFusedLocationClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this)

        mapFrag = supportFragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.map) as SupportMapFragment?
        mapFrag?.getMapAsync(this)
    }

    public override fun onPause() {
        super.onPause()

        //stop location updates when Activity is no longer active
        mFusedLocationClient?.removeLocationUpdates(mLocationCallback)
    }

    override fun onMapReady(googleMap: GoogleMap) {
        mGoogleMap = googleMap
        mGoogleMap.mapType = GoogleMap.MAP_TYPE_HYBRID

        mLocationRequest = LocationRequest()
        mLocationRequest.interval = 120000 // two minute interval
        mLocationRequest.fastestInterval = 120000
        mLocationRequest.priority = LocationRequest.PRIORITY_BALANCED_POWER_ACCURACY

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
                    this,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
                ) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
            ) {
                //Location Permission already granted
                mFusedLocationClient?.requestLocationUpdates(mLocationRequest, mLocationCallback, Looper.myLooper())
                mGoogleMap.isMyLocationEnabled = true
            } else {
                //Request Location Permission
                checkLocationPermission()
            }
        } else {
            mFusedLocationClient?.requestLocationUpdates(mLocationRequest, mLocationCallback, Looper.myLooper())
            mGoogleMap.isMyLocationEnabled = true
        }
    }

    private fun checkLocationPermission() {
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(
                this,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
            ) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
        ) {
            // Should we show an explanation?
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(
                    this,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
                )
            ) {
                // Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
                // this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
                // sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
                AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                    .setTitle("Location Permission Needed")
                    .setMessage("This app needs the Location permission, please accept to use location functionality")
                    .setPositiveButton(
                        "OK"
                    ) { _, _ ->
                        //Prompt the user once explanation has been shown
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                            this@MapsActivity,
                            arrayOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION),
                            MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION
                        )
                    }
                    .create()
                    .show()


            } else {
                // No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
                    this,
                    arrayOf(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION),
                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION
                )
            }
        }
    }

    override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
        requestCode: Int,
        permissions: Array<String>, grantResults: IntArray
    ) {
        when (requestCode) {
            MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION -> {
                // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
                if (grantResults.isNotEmpty() && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                    // permission was granted, yay! Do the
                    // location-related task you need to do.
                    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
                            this,
                            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
                        ) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    ) {

                        mFusedLocationClient?.requestLocationUpdates(
                            mLocationRequest,
                            mLocationCallback,
                            Looper.myLooper()
                        )
                        mGoogleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true)
                    }

                } else {

                    // permission denied, boo! Disable the
                    // functionality that depends on this permission.
                    Toast.makeText(this, "permission denied", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show()
                }
                return
            }
        }// other 'case' lines to check for other
        // permissions this app might request
    }

    companion object {
        val MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION = 99
    }
}

Java

这是完整的 Java Activity 类:

public class MapsActivity extends AppCompatActivity
        implements OnMapReadyCallback {

    GoogleMap mGoogleMap;
    SupportMapFragment mapFrag;
    LocationRequest mLocationRequest;
    Location mLastLocation;
    Marker mCurrLocationMarker;
    FusedLocationProviderClient mFusedLocationClient;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_maps);

        getSupportActionBar().setTitle("Map Location Activity");

        mFusedLocationClient = LocationServices.getFusedLocationProviderClient(this);

        mapFrag = (SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.map);
        mapFrag.getMapAsync(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        super.onPause();

        //stop location updates when Activity is no longer active
        if (mFusedLocationClient != null) {
            mFusedLocationClient.removeLocationUpdates(mLocationCallback);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onMapReady(GoogleMap googleMap) {
        mGoogleMap = googleMap;
        mGoogleMap.setMapType(GoogleMap.MAP_TYPE_HYBRID);

        mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest();
        mLocationRequest.setInterval(120000); // two minute interval
        mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(120000);
        mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_BALANCED_POWER_ACCURACY);

        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                    == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //Location Permission already granted
                mFusedLocationClient.requestLocationUpdates(mLocationRequest, mLocationCallback, Looper.myLooper());
                mGoogleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
            } else {
                //Request Location Permission
                checkLocationPermission();
            }
        }
        else {
            mFusedLocationClient.requestLocationUpdates(mLocationRequest, mLocationCallback, Looper.myLooper());
            mGoogleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
        }
    }

    LocationCallback mLocationCallback = new LocationCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onLocationResult(LocationResult locationResult) {
            List<Location> locationList = locationResult.getLocations();
            if (locationList.size() > 0) {
                //The last location in the list is the newest
                Location location = locationList.get(locationList.size() - 1);
                Log.i("MapsActivity", "Location: " + location.getLatitude() + " " + location.getLongitude());
                mLastLocation = location;
                if (mCurrLocationMarker != null) {
                    mCurrLocationMarker.remove();
                }

                //Place current location marker
                LatLng latLng = new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude());
                MarkerOptions markerOptions = new MarkerOptions();
                markerOptions.position(latLng);
                markerOptions.title("Current Position");
                markerOptions.icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.defaultMarker(BitmapDescriptorFactory.HUE_MAGENTA));
                mCurrLocationMarker = mGoogleMap.addMarker(markerOptions);

                //move map camera
                mGoogleMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLngZoom(latLng, 11));
            }
        }
    };

    public static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION = 99;
    private void checkLocationPermission() {
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

            // Should we show an explanation?
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {

                // Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
                // this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
                // sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
                new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                        .setTitle("Location Permission Needed")
                        .setMessage("This app needs the Location permission, please accept to use location functionality")
                        .setPositiveButton("OK", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                            @Override
                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                                //Prompt the user once explanation has been shown
                                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MapsActivity.this,
                                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                                        MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION );
                            }
                        })
                        .create()
                        .show();


            } else {
                // No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
                        MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION );
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                           String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_LOCATION: {
                // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
                if (grantResults.length > 0
                        && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                    // permission was granted, yay! Do the
                    // location-related task you need to do.
                    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                            == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

                        mFusedLocationClient.requestLocationUpdates(mLocationRequest, mLocationCallback, Looper.myLooper());
                        mGoogleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
                    }

                } else {

                    // permission denied, boo! Disable the
                    // functionality that depends on this permission.
                    Toast.makeText(this, "permission denied", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                return;
            }

            // other 'case' lines to check for other
            // permissions this app might request
        }
    }
}

activity_maps.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".map.MapsActivity">

    <fragment android:id="@+id/map"
              xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent"
              tools:context=".map.MapsActivity"
              app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
              app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
              app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
              app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
              android:name="com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment"/>

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

将提示用户接受位置权限:

位置将在应用启动时更新，每两分钟更新一次:

关于 AndroidX 的额外说明

如果您使用的是 AndroidX，you might need to add these lines到您的 gradle.properties 文件中(参见 here 了解更多信息):

android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true