java - JUnit 测试 Spring @Async void 服务方法

Question

我有一个 Spring 服务:

@Service
@Transactional
public class SomeService {

    @Async
    public void asyncMethod(Foo foo) {
        // processing takes significant time
    }
}

我对此有一个集成测试 SomeService :

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
@Transactional
public class SomeServiceIntTest {

    @Inject
    private SomeService someService;

        @Test
        public void testAsyncMethod() {

            Foo testData = prepareTestData();

            someService.asyncMethod(testData);

            verifyResults();
        }

        // verifyResult() with assertions, etc.
}

问题来了:

• 作为 SomeService.asyncMethod(..)注释为 @Async和
• 作为 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner遵守 @Async语义

testAsyncMethod线程将 fork 调用 someService.asyncMethod(testData)进入自己的工作线程，然后直接继续执行verifyResults() ，可能在前一个工作线程完成其工作之前。

我该如何等待 someService.asyncMethod(testData)在验证结果之前完成？注意 How do I write a unit test to verify async behavior using Spring 4 and annotations? 的解决方案 这里不适用，如 someService.asyncMethod(testData)返回 void ，而不是 Future<?> .

Answer 1

对于要遵守的 @Async 语义，some active @Configuration class will have the @EnableAsync annotation ，例如

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
@EnableScheduling
public class AsyncConfiguration implements AsyncConfigurer {

  //

}

为了解决我的问题，我引入了一个新的 Spring 配置文件non-async。

如果 non-async 配置文件未处于 Activity 状态，则使用 AsyncConfiguration:

@Configuration
@EnableAsync
@EnableScheduling
@Profile("!non-async")
public class AsyncConfiguration implements AsyncConfigurer {

  // this configuration will be active as long as profile "non-async" is not (!) active

}

如果非异步配置文件处于 Activity 状态，则使用 NonAsyncConfiguration:

@Configuration
// notice the missing @EnableAsync annotation
@EnableScheduling
@Profile("non-async")
public class NonAsyncConfiguration {

  // this configuration will be active as long as profile "non-async" is active

}

现在在有问题的 JUnit 测试类中，我显式激活了“非异步”配置文件以相互排除异步行为:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
@Transactional
@ActiveProfiles(profiles = "non-async")
public class SomeServiceIntTest {

    @Inject
    private SomeService someService;

        @Test
        public void testAsyncMethod() {

            Foo testData = prepareTestData();

            someService.asyncMethod(testData);

            verifyResults();
        }

        // verifyResult() with assertions, etc.
}