java - Spring data + hibernate 使用了错误的列名

Question

使用 Spring Data + hibernate，Hibernate 被配置为自动创建模式。但是在查询时会抛出异常(见下文)。

在自动模式创建期间使用的列名似乎与查询的列名不同。

如果我将 LocalSessionFactoryBean 配置为使用命名策略，问题就会消失并且测试正常。

这是一个错误吗？还是我误会了什么？

设置如下。

[编辑]根据下面的日志消息 ERROR: column datum0_.datum_id does not exist 存在。然而，该列实际上被命名为 datumId，从记录的 SQL 中可以看出:

create table Datum (
    datumId int4 not null,
    value varchar(255),
    primary key (datumId)
)

---

Application.java:

package test;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

@Configuration
@ImportResource("classpath:Application.xml")
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application {
    static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Application.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        DatumRepository repository = context.getBean(DatumRepository.class);
        repository.findAll();
    }
}

Datum.java:

package test;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
public class Datum {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private int datumId;

    @Column
    private String value;

    public int getDatumId() {
        return datumId;
    }

    public void setDatumId(int datumId) {
        this.datumId = datumId;
    }

    public String getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public void setValue(String value) {
        this.value = value;
    }
}

DatumRepository.java:

package test;

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

public interface DatumRepository extends CrudRepository<Datum, Integer> {
}

Application.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <!--Searches for @Configuration classes and stereotypes-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="test" />

    <!--Searches for @Autowired/@Inject-->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- For creation of repositories -->
    <!--<jpa:repositories base-package="test" />-->

    <!--Data source-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/nexus"/>
        <property name="username" value="nexus"/>
        <property name="password" value="nexus"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- Hibernate -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="test" />
        <!--<property name="namingStrategy"><ref bean="naming" /></property>-->

        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <value>
                hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop
                hibernate.show_sql=true
                hibernate.format_sql=true
            </value>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="naming" class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy"></bean>
</beans>

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>test</groupId>
    <artifactId>test1</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>9.3-1100-jdbc41</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-releases</id>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-releases</id>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>

</project>

(编辑)输出+异常:

2015-02-03 13:49:14.697  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] test.Application                         : Starting Application on desktop with PID 3515 (/home/breamec/src/test1/target/classes started by breamec in /home/breamec/src/test1)
2015-02-03 13:49:14.747  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@5b525b5f: startup date [Tue Feb 03 13:49:14 GMT 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-02-03 13:49:15.232  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.s.b.f.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader      : Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [Application.xml]
2015-02-03 13:49:16.070  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.s.j.d.DriverManagerDataSource          : Loaded JDBC driver: org.postgresql.Driver
2015-02-03 13:49:16.308  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Building JPA container EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
2015-02-03 13:49:16.340  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper  : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
    name: default
    ...]
2015-02-03 13:49:16.454  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.Version                    : HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.3.7.Final}
2015-02-03 13:49:16.457  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment            : HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
2015-02-03 13:49:16.458  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment            : HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
2015-02-03 13:49:16.683  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version   : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.5.Final}
2015-02-03 13:49:17.202  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect            : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
2015-02-03 13:49:17.218  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.e.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder    : HHH000424: Disabling contextual LOB creation as createClob() method threw error : java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
2015-02-03 13:49:17.355  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.h.i.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory    : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
2015-02-03 13:49:18.189  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect            : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
2015-02-03 13:49:18.190  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.e.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder    : HHH000424: Disabling contextual LOB creation as createClob() method threw error : java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
2015-02-03 13:49:18.199  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.e.t.i.TransactionFactoryInitiator    : HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)
2015-02-03 13:49:18.199  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.h.i.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory    : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
2015-02-03 13:49:18.211  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : HHH000227: Running hbm2ddl schema export
Hibernate: 
    drop table Datum cascade
2015-02-03 13:49:18.219 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : HHH000389: Unsuccessful: drop table Datum cascade
2015-02-03 13:49:18.219 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : ERROR: table "datum" does not exist
Hibernate: 
    drop sequence hibernate_sequence
2015-02-03 13:49:18.221 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : HHH000389: Unsuccessful: drop sequence hibernate_sequence
2015-02-03 13:49:18.221 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : ERROR: sequence "hibernate_sequence" does not exist
Hibernate: 
    create table Datum (
        datumId int4 not null,
        value varchar(255),
        primary key (datumId)
    )
Hibernate: 
    create sequence hibernate_sequence
2015-02-03 13:49:18.230  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  : HHH000230: Schema export complete
2015-02-03 13:49:18.737  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2015-02-03 13:49:18.745  INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] test.Application                         : Started Application in 4.32 seconds (JVM running for 8.385)
2015-02-03 13:49:18.961  WARN 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper   : SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 42703
2015-02-03 13:49:18.961 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper   : ERROR: column datum0_.datum_id does not exist
  Position: 8
[WARNING] 
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.springframework.boot.maven.RunMojo$LaunchRunner.run(RunMojo.java:418)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: could not extract ResultSet; SQL [n/a]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not extract ResultSet
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:231)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:214)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:417)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:59)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:213)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:147)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:122)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207)
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy51.findAll(Unknown Source)
    at test.Application.main(Application.java:20)
    ... 6 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not extract ResultSet
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLStateConversionDelegate.convert(SQLStateConversionDelegate.java:123)
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:112)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.extract(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:91)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.getResultSet(Loader.java:2066)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1863)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1839)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:910)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:355)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2554)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2540)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2370)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2365)
    at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:497)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.list(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:387)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.performList(HQLQueryPlan.java:236)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1264)
    at org.hibernate.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:103)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:573)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.QueryImpl.getResultList(QueryImpl.java:449)
    at org.hibernate.jpa.criteria.compile.CriteriaQueryTypeQueryAdapter.getResultList(CriteriaQueryTypeQueryAdapter.java:67)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.findAll(SimpleJpaRepository.java:289)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.executeMethodOn(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:442)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:427)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:381)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136)
    ... 14 more
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: column datum0_.datum_id does not exist
  Position: 8
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2161)
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1890)
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:255)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execute(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:560)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:417)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeQuery(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:302)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.extract(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:82)
    ... 45 more

Answer 1

默认情况下，Spring Boot 使用 org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.SpringNamingStrategy .

Hibernate NamingStrategy that follows Spring recommended naming conventions.

这种命名策略只取字段名称并仅根据该名称推导出列名称，用下划线替换驼峰式大小写。您没有发布异常，但基于此 Hibernate 可能查询了 datum_id 列。

Related issue raised on Spring boot project