spring - 使用 Spring Data JPA、Hibernate 和多事务管理器 : No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined

Question

编辑:对于可能对此问题感兴趣的人，我会在问题的末尾提供问题分析和相关解决方案。

我正在为使用 Spring 3.2、Hibernate 4.1、Spring Data JPA 1.3 和 Apache CXF 2.5(特别是 JAX-RS 模块)的 Web 应用程序配置一个模块。我有以下配置(运行良好，为简洁起见省略了详细信息):

  @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactory")
  public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean getEntityManagerFactory() throws SQLException{
    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    //...    
    return factory;
  }

  @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
  public JpaTransactionManager getTransactionManager() throws SQLException{
    JpaTransactionManager manager = new JpaTransactionManager();
    //...    
    return manager;
  }

  @Bean(name = "persistenceExceptionTranslator")
  public PersistenceExceptionTranslator getPersistenceExceptionTranslator(){
    return new HibernateExceptionTranslator();
  }

我的问题是我必须依赖一些定义自己的PlatformTransactionManager 的外部模块，所以我发现自己同时使用更多事务管理器。 Transactional.html#value() 可以轻松解决此问题，所以无论我需要在哪里使用 @Transactional，我都会使用我必须用于该事务的事务管理器的名称来限定注释。
我想将我在模块中定义的事务管理器的名称更改为更有意义的名称，以满足外部模块的标准。因此，例如， externalModule1 将其管理器定义为 externalModule1TransactionManager ，我想拥有

  @Bean(name = "myModuleransactionManager")
  public JpaTransactionManager getTransactionManager() throws SQLException{
    JpaTransactionManager manager = new JpaTransactionManager();
    //...    
    return manager;
  }

这似乎很容易，不幸的是，当我进行此更改时(并且我相应地更改了 @Transactional#value() 的用法，我得到了一个异常。

java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined
    at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.AbstractFaultChainInitiatorObserver.onMessage(AbstractFaultChainInitiatorObserver.java:110)
    at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:323)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.ChainInitiationObserver.onMessage(ChainInitiationObserver.java:123)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.http.AbstractHTTPDestination.invoke(AbstractHTTPDestination.java:207)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invokeDestination(ServletController.java:213)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletController.invoke(ServletController.java:154)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFNonSpringServlet.invoke(CXFNonSpringServlet.java:126)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.handleRequest(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:185)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.doGet(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:113)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    at org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.AbstractHTTPServlet.service(AbstractHTTPServlet.java:164)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:895)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:918)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.apache.cxf.interceptor.Fault: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined
    at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.createFault(AbstractInvoker.java:155)
    at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.invoke(AbstractInvoker.java:121)
    at org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSInvoker.invoke(JAXRSInvoker.java:167)
    at org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.JAXRSInvoker.invoke(JAXRSInvoker.java:94)
    at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.ServiceInvokerInterceptor$1.run(ServiceInvokerInterceptor.java:58)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:439)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
    at org.apache.cxf.workqueue.SynchronousExecutor.execute(SynchronousExecutor.java:37)
    at org.apache.cxf.interceptor.ServiceInvokerInterceptor.handleMessage(ServiceInvokerInterceptor.java:106)
    at org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseInterceptorChain.doIntercept(PhaseInterceptorChain.java:263)
    ... 25 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'transactionManager' is defined
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:568)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1099)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:278)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.determineTransactionManager(TransactionAspectSupport.java:246)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:100)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:155)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.LockModeRepositoryPostProcessor$LockModePopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(LockModeRepositoryPostProcessor.java:92)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:91)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:155)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204)
    at sun.proxy.$Proxy98.save(Unknown Source)
    at myModule.package.SomeOtherClass.someOtherMethod(SomeOtherClass.java:114)
    at myModule.package.SomeOtherClass$$FastClassByCGLIB$$2bda5a73.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:698)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:631)
    at myModule.package.SomeClass$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$37044080.myMethod(<generated>)
    at myModule.package.SomeClass.someMethod(SomeClass.java:64)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.performInvocation(AbstractInvoker.java:173)
    at org.apache.cxf.service.invoker.AbstractInvoker.invoke(AbstractInvoker.java:89)
    ... 34 more

我特别想把注意力集中在

myModule.package.SomeOtherClass.someOtherMethod(SomeClass.java:114)

和

myModule.package.SomeClass.someMethod(SomeClass.java:64)

他们的代码看起来像

@Transactional("myModuleransactionManager")
public ... someOtherMethod(){
   ...
}

和

public ... someMethod(){
   ...
}

那么，据我了解，这个配置应该可以工作，为什么它会抛出那个异常？是否需要标准的命名事务管理器？还是因为 cxf？我在同一个应用程序中发现了一些与多个事务管理器相关的问题(example 1、example2)，但这些问题中公认的答案插入了我的解决方案。我误会了什么，我做错了什么？
感谢所有愿意阅读这个长问题的人!

编辑以根据 Michail 的回答提供完整的解释:使用 Spring Data JPA需要定义存储库接口(interface)以连接到数据库。 someOtherMethod 确实在调用我的存储库之一，该存储库定义为:

@Repository("myRepository")
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NESTED, value = "myModuleransactionManager")
public interface MyRepository extends JpaRepository<MyEntity, Integer>
{

}

这看起来还不错，但是查看 JpaRepository 实现源代码(因此，查看 org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository 我发现save(以及其他更新方法)使用 @Transactional 进行注释。代码来自 SimpleJpaRepository

    @Transactional
    public <S extends T> S save(S entity) {

        if (entityInformation.isNew(entity)) {
            em.persist(entity);
            return entity;
        } else {
            return em.merge(entity);
        }
    }

因此，当使用 Spring Data JPA 时，默认事务管理器(名为 transactionManager 的那个)是强制性的。对我的目标不利，但至少我现在知道就是这样!

Answer 1

看起来您的 someOtherMethod 调用了任何其他 @Transactional 组件(具有 save 方法的某个类)。而且我认为它有 @Transactinal() (空)注释(它使用名为 transactionManager 的默认 bean)。

您可能会在堆栈跟踪中看到 2 个 TransactionInterceptor 位置。请提供一些有关它的详细信息。