c++ - Visual Studio 2012 中的 Google 测试

Question

我正在尝试开始进行单元测试。我下载了最新版本的 gtest，并将其解压到 A:\gtest 按照说明打开 gtest.sln。如果我同意更新它，Visual Studio 只允许我打开 sln。然后，当我尝试构建时，会出现一堆错误:

1>------ Build started: Project: gtest, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>  gtest-all.cc
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\gtest-printers.h(550): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\gtest-printers.h(558): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4249) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator9<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9>' being compiled
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4017): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(142) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4019): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4030): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4030): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4035): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4035): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator9<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9>::Iterator' being compiled
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4042): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(69) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4044): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4044): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4077): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4077): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4119): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4119): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4123): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4123): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4204): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4204): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4505) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator10<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,T10>' being compiled
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4256): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(142) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamGeneratorInterface'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4258): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4270): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4270): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4275): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4275): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductGenerator10<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,T10>::Iterator' being compiled
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4282): error C2955: 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util.h(69) : see declaration of 'testing::internal::ParamIteratorInterface'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4284): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4284): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4320): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4320): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4366): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4366): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4370): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4370): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4456): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4456): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4738): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4766) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductHolder9<Generator1,Generator2,Generator3,Generator4,Generator5,Generator6,Generator7,Generator8,Generator9>' being compiled
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4738): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4738): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4782): error C2977: 'std::tuple' : too many template arguments
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
1>          a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4813) : see reference to class template instantiation 'testing::internal::CartesianProductHolder10<Generator1,Generator2,Generator3,Generator4,Generator5,Generator6,Generator7,Generator8,Generator9,Generator10>' being compiled
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4782): error C3203: 'tuple' : unspecialized class template can't be used as a template argument for template parameter 'T', expected a real type
1>a:\gtest\include\gtest\internal\gtest-param-util-generated.h(4782): error C2955: 'std::tuple' : use of class template requires template argument list
1>          b:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 2012\vc\include\utility(73) : see declaration of 'std::tuple'
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

是我做错了什么还是 VS2012 的问题？我不喜欢谷歌测试，也不反对使用不同的框架，如果它与 VS 一起工作得更好，我刚刚听说过关于 gtest 的非常好的事情。

Answer 1

VC++ 2012 不(也永远不会)支持可变参数模板；因此，它的标准库实现尝试使用预处理器生成的重载和特化来伪造它们。如this blog post注意，人造可变参数模板参数的数量默认为 5——问题是 gtest 试图实例化 std::tuple<>具有多达 10 个模板参数。

正如博文继续提到的，您可以定义 _VARIADIC_MAX宏项目范围内最多支持 10 个参数；您可能希望通过项目的 preprocessor definitions 来执行此操作设置，但重要的是确保每个 TU 在包含任何 stdlib header (直接或间接)之前定义它。