java - 无法在 HandlerInterceptorAdapter 中 Autowiring 服务

Question

这个问题在这里已经有了答案:

Why is my Spring @Autowired field null? (21 个回答)

关闭 8年前。

我在尝试 @Autowire 我的 @Service 时遇到 NullPointerException:

public class PagePopulationInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
    private @Autowired MyService service;

    public @Override void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView mav) {
        service.savePageView(IPUtils.toLong(request.getRemoteAddr()), request.getRequestURI(), request.getHeader("User-Agent"));
        mav.addObject("counter", service.getCounter());
    }
}

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.mycompany", excludeFilters = { @ComponentScan.Filter(Configuration.class) })
@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableWebMvc
public class MyConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    public @Override void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new PagePopulationInterceptor());
    }
}

@Service
@Transactional
public class MyService {
    private @Autowired PageViewDao pageViewDao;

    public class Counter {
        private long total;
        private long today;
        private long yesterday;
        private long now;

        // Getters and setters
    }

    public void savePageView(long ip, String visitPage, String userAgent) {
        PageView obj = new PageView();
        obj.setVisitDate(new Date());
        obj.setUserAgent(userAgent);
        obj.setPage(visitPage);
        obj.setIp(ip);

        pageViewDao.saveOrUpdate(obj);
    }

    public Counter getCounter() {
        Counter ret = new Counter();
        // populate Counter members
        return ret;
    }
}

编辑:这是 Stacktrace:

java.lang.NullPointerException
    com.mycompany.util.PagePopulationInterceptor.postHandle(PagePopulationInterceptor.java:22)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain.applyPostHandle(HandlerExecutionChain.java:149)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:934)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:936)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:827)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:812)
    javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728)
    org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88)
    org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)

Answer 1

这是因为 Spring 没有管理您的 PagePopulationInterceptor 实例。您在下面的代码中自己创建它

public @Override void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
    registry.addInterceptor(new PagePopulationInterceptor());
}

改成

@Bean
public PagePopulationInterceptor pagePopulationInterceptor() {
    return new PagePopulationInterceptor();
}

public @Override void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
    registry.addInterceptor(pagePopulationInterceptor());
}

这样，Spring 将管理 PagePopulationInterceptor 实例的生命周期，因为它是从 @Bean 方法生成的。 Spring 将扫描它以查找 @Autowired 目标并注入(inject)它们。

这假定 PagePopulationInterceptor 在要被 @ComponentScan 编辑的包中。