unit-testing - 如何使用 Go 中的测试包进行测试设置

Question

当使用 testing package 时，如何进行整体测试设置处理，为所有测试奠定基础?

例如，在 Nunit 中有一个 [SetUp] 属性。

[TestFixture]
public class SuccessTests
{
  [SetUp] public void Init()
  { /* Load test data */ }
}

Answer 1

从 Go 1.4 开始，您可以实现 setup/teardown(无需在每次测试之前/之后复制您的函数)。文档概述 here在主要部分:

TestMain runs in the main goroutine and can do whatever setup and teardown is necessary around a call to m.Run. It should then call os.Exit with the result of m.Run

我花了一些时间才弄清楚这意味着如果一个测试包含一个函数 func TestMain(m *testing.M) 那么这个函数将被调用而不是运行测试。在这个函数中，我可以定义测试将如何运行。例如我可以实现全局设置和拆卸:

func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
    setup()
    code := m.Run() 
    shutdown()
    os.Exit(code)
}

其他几个例子can be found here .

The TestMain feature added to Go’s testing framework in the latest release is a simple solution for several testing use cases. TestMain provides a global hook to perform setup and shutdown, control the testing environment, run different code in a child process, or check for resources leaked by test code. Most packages will not need a TestMain, but it is a welcome addition for those times when it is needed.