xml - JSON 在文件大小和序列化/反序列化时间方面与 XML 相比如何？

Question

由于带宽原因，我有一个应用程序在 Internet 上执行的速度有点慢。我启用了 GZip，它大大缩短了下载时间，但我也在考虑是否可以从 XML 切换到 JSON，以挤出最后一点性能。使用 JSON 会使消息大小显着变小，还是稍微变小一些？假设我们正在讨论 250kB 的 XML 数据(压缩到 30kB)。

Answer 1

在对象序列化方面，JSON 通常会更紧凑(即使在压缩时)。例如:

我将一个对象的同一个实例序列化为 XML 和 JSON 并得到以下结果:

JSON

{
    "Account": "2222",
    "Login": "124235",
    "SalesId": null,
    "CustomerReference": "9652358474",
    "Status": null,
    "DropShip": 0,
    "PromoCode": null,
    "Notes": "For the truck",
    "Errors": null,
    "ReferenceId": null,
    "PaymentMethod": "CKPhone",
    "CheckPayment": {
        "Name": "Simon Riggs",
        "CompanyName": "Darth Inc",
        "AccountNumber": "565555555",
        "RoutingNumber": "222224455116",
        "CheckNumber": "32",
        "Address": {
            "Attention": null,
            "Street1": "555 W Portebello Rd",
            "Street2": null,
            "City": "London",
            "State": "Texas",
            "Zipcode": "45217",
            "Country": null,
            "ReferenceId": null,
            "GetAxType": 2
        },
        "ReferenceId": null,
        "GetAxType": 2
    },
    "CreditCardPayment": {
        "Name": "Simon Riggs",
        "CardNumber": "1111222233334444",
        "Cvv2": "546",
        "Month": 10,
        "Year": 2018,
        "Address": {
            "Attention": null,
            "Street1": "555 W Portebello Rd",
            "Street2": null,
            "City": "London",
            "State": "Texas",
            "Zipcode": "45217",
            "Country": null,
            "ReferenceId": null,
            "GetAxType": 2
        },
        "ReferenceId": "0",
        "GetAxType": 2
    },
    "ShippingAddress": {
        "Attention": "Simon Riggs",
        "Street1": "555 W Portebello Rd",
        "Street2": null,
        "City": "London",
        "State": "Texas",
        "Zipcode": "45217",
        "Country": null,
        "ReferenceId": null,
        "GetAxType": 2
    },
    "Totals": {
        "SubTotal": 25.0,
        "TotalTax": 5.0,
        "ShippingTotal": 10.0,
        "ShippingTax": 1.5,
        "GrandTotal": 35.0
    },
    "Lines": [{
        "SKU": "1442-4521",
        "LineNum": 0.0,
        "Qty": 2.0,
        "Price": 72.95,
        "ShippingClass": "Ground",
        "ReferenceId": null,
        "GetAxType": 2
    },
    {
        "SKU": "1212-5549",
        "LineNum": 0.0,
        "Qty": 1.0,
        "Price": 31.15,
        "ShippingClass": "Ground",
        "ReferenceId": null,
        "GetAxType": 2
    }],
    "GetAxType": 2
}

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<SalesOrder xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <Account>2222</Account>
  <Login>124235</Login>
  <CustomerReference>9652358474</CustomerReference>
  <DropShip>0</DropShip>
  <Notes>For the truck</Notes>
  <PaymentMethod>CKPhone</PaymentMethod>
  <CheckPayment>
    <Name>Simon Riggs</Name>
    <CompanyName>Darth Inc</CompanyName>
    <AccountNumber>565555555</AccountNumber>
    <RoutingNumber>222224455116</RoutingNumber>
    <CheckNumber>32</CheckNumber>
    <Address>
      <Street1>555 W Portebello Rd</Street1>
      <City>London</City>
      <State>Texas</State>
      <Zipcode>45217</Zipcode>
    </Address>
  </CheckPayment>
  <CreditCardPayment>
    <Name>Simon Riggs</Name>
    <CardNumber>1111222233334444</CardNumber>
    <Cvv2>546</Cvv2>
    <Month>10</Month>
    <Year>2018</Year>
    <Address>
      <Street1>555 W Portebello Rd</Street1>
      <City>London</City>
      <State>Texas</State>
      <Zipcode>45217</Zipcode>
    </Address>
    <ReferenceId>0</ReferenceId>
  </CreditCardPayment>
  <ShippingAddress>
    <Attention>Simon Riggs</Attention>
    <Street1>555 W Portebello Rd</Street1>
    <City>London</City>
    <State>Texas</State>
    <Zipcode>45217</Zipcode>
  </ShippingAddress>
  <Totals>
    <SubTotal>25</SubTotal>
    <TotalTax>5</TotalTax>
    <ShippingTotal>10</ShippingTotal>
    <ShippingTax>1.5</ShippingTax>
    <GrandTotal>35</GrandTotal>
  </Totals>
  <Lines>
    <SalesLine>
      <SKU>1442-4521</SKU>
      <LineNum>0</LineNum>
      <Qty>2</Qty>
      <Price>72.95</Price>
      <ShippingClass>Ground</ShippingClass>
    </SalesLine>
    <SalesLine>
      <SKU>1212-5549</SKU>
      <LineNum>0</LineNum>
      <Qty>1</Qty>
      <Price>31.15</Price>
      <ShippingClass>Ground</ShippingClass>
    </SalesLine>
  </Lines>
</SalesOrder>

以 ASCII 编码时，JSON 为 1422 字节，而 XML 为 1954 字节。使用 GZipStream 压缩它们后，差异较小但仍然很明显。 JSON 压缩到 524 字节，而 XML 压缩到 695 字节。

序列化/反序列化时间会因实现(当然还有硬件)而异，但我在一个循环中对上述 JSON 和 XML 进行了 100,000 次序列化和反序列化，并获得了总累积时间:

JSON 序列化:5258 毫秒，XML 序列化:3266 毫秒

JSON 反序列化:9582 毫秒，XML 反序列化:4604 毫秒

因此，使用我正在使用的库(见下文)可以更快地进行 XML 序列化和反序列化，但平均值为百分之几毫秒，我认为网络带宽和传输时间更为重要。

(注意:我在 C# 中使用 Microsoft 的 System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer 和 JSON.Net 的 Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert 类)