Docker 1.10 通过主机名从主机访问容器

Question

我有带有嵌入式 DNS 服务的 Docker 1.10 版。

我在 docker-compose 文件中创建了两个服务容器。它们可以通过主机名和 IP 相互访问，但是当我想从主机访问其中一个时，它不起作用，它仅适用于 IP，但不适用于主机名。

那么，请问是否可以通过 Docker 1.10 中的主机名从主机访问 docker 容器？

更新:

docker-compose.yml

version: '2'
services:
    service_a:
        image: nginx
        container_name: docker_a
        ports:
           - 8080:80
    service_b:
        image: nginx
        container_name: docker_b
        ports:
            - 8081:80

然后我通过命令启动它:docker-compose up --force-recreate

当我运行时:

• docker exec -i -t docker_a ping -c4 docker_b - 有效
• docker exec -i -t docker_b ping -c4 docker_a - 有效
• ping 172.19.0.2 - 有效(172.19.0.2 是 docker_b 的 ip)
• ping docker_a - 失败

docker network inspect test_default的结果是

[
    {
        "Name": "test_default",
        "Id":   "f6436ef4a2cd4c09ffdee82b0d0b47f96dd5aee3e1bde068376dd26f81e79712",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": null,
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "172.19.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "172.19.0.1/16"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Containers": {
             "a9f13f023761123115fcb2b454d3fd21666b8e1e0637f134026c44a7a84f1b0b": {
                "Name": "docker_a",
                "EndpointID":     "a5c8e08feda96d0de8f7c6203f2707dd3f9f6c3a64666126055b16a3908fafed",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:13:00:03",
                "IPv4Address": "172.19.0.3/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            },
                "c6532af99f691659b452c1cbf1693731a75cdfab9ea50428d9c99dd09c3e9a40": {
                "Name": "docker_b",
                "EndpointID":     "28a1877a0fdbaeb8d33a290e5a5768edc737d069d23ef9bbcc1d64cfe5fbe312",
                "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:13:00:02",
                "IPv4Address": "172.19.0.2/16",
                "IPv6Address": ""
            }
        },
        "Options": {}
    }
]

Answer 1

作为 answered here有一个软件解决方案，复制答案:

---

有一个开源应用程序可以解决这个问题，它被称为 DNS Proxy Server

它是一个解析容器主机名的 DNS 服务器，当它无法解析主机名时，它可以使用公共(public)名称服务器来解析它。

启动 DNS 服务器

$ docker run --hostname dns.mageddo --name dns-proxy-server -p 5380:5380 \
-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
-v /etc/resolv.conf:/etc/resolv.conf \
defreitas/dns-proxy-server

它将自动设置为您的默认 DNS(并在停止时恢复为原始 DNS)。

启动你的容器进行测试

docker-compose up

docker-compose.yml

version: '2'
services:
  redis:
    container_name: redis
    image: redis:2.8
    hostname: redis.dev.intranet
    network_mode: bridge # that way he can solve others containers names even inside, solve elasticsearch, for example
  elasticsearch:
    container_name: elasticsearch
    image: elasticsearch:2.2
    hostname: elasticsearch.dev.intranet

现在解析容器的主机名

来自主机

$ nslookup redis.dev.intranet
Server:     172.17.0.2
Address:    172.17.0.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   redis.dev.intranet
Address: 172.21.0.3

来自另一个容器

$ docker exec -it redis ping elasticsearch.dev.intranet
PING elasticsearch.dev.intranet (172.21.0.2): 56 data bytes

它还能解析互联网主机名

$ nslookup google.com
Server:     172.17.0.2
Address:    172.17.0.2#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:   google.com
Address: 216.58.202.78