Python 字典列表搜索

Question

假设我有这个:

[
  {"name": "Tom", "age": 10},
  {"name": "Mark", "age": 5},
  {"name": "Pam", "age": 7}
]

通过搜索“Pam”作为名称，我想检索相关字典:{name: "Pam", age: 7}

如何做到这一点？

Answer 1

您可以使用 generator expression :

>>> dicts = [
...     { "name": "Tom", "age": 10 },
...     { "name": "Mark", "age": 5 },
...     { "name": "Pam", "age": 7 },
...     { "name": "Dick", "age": 12 }
... ]

>>> next(item for item in dicts if item["name"] == "Pam")
{'age': 7, 'name': 'Pam'}

如果您需要处理不存在的项目，那么您可以执行用户 Matt 的操作suggested in his comment并使用稍微不同的 API 提供默认值:

next((item for item in dicts if item["name"] == "Pam"), None)

并且要查找项目的索引，而不是项目本身，可以enumerate()名单:

next((i for i, item in enumerate(dicts) if item["name"] == "Pam"), None)