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ProtocolBuffers3学习

转载 作者:我是一只小鸟 更新时间:2023-02-23 14:32:07 25 4
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如果您最近有学习 gRPC 如何使用的打算,那么您第一步其实应该学习 Protocol Buffers.

废话不多说,我们开始学习:

1、定义消息

1、首先看一个简单的例子:

                          
                            1
                          
                           syntax = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            message SearchRequest {

                          
                          
                            4
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           query = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            5
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           page_number = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            6
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           result_per_page = 
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            7
                          
                           }
                        

第一行 syntax 用于声明版本,如果不声明则默认使用版本2.

第三行 message 用于声明消息结构体.

第四到第六行每个字段后面都有一个数值,用于标识消息在二进制格式中的位置。值从1到15采用1个字节编码.

值从16到2047采用两个字节编码,最小的值是1,最大的值是2的29次方减1,另外19000到19999你也不可以使用,这些是保留值.

                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            message SearchRequest {

                          
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           query = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           page_number = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            4
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           result_per_page = 
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            ;

                          
                          
                            5
                          
                          
                            }

                          
                          
                            6
                          
                          
                            7
                          
                          
                            message SearchResponse {

                          
                          
                            8
                          
                          
                             ...

                          
                          
                            9
                          
                           }
                        

另外,多个消息类型是可以定义在一个以 .proto 为后缀的文件的,如果你想要添加注释的话,同注释代码一样.

值得注意的是,如果您要修改消息类型,比如删除字段,或者注释字段,那么以后有可能有人在你删除字段的位置添加了一个新字段,并使用原删除字段相同的数值编号。如果此时有别的服务还在使用老版本的话,那么会导致数据被破坏。此时你可以使用 reserved 关键字来预占编号或者预占字段名称,如下所示:

                          
                            message Foo {
  reserved 
                          
                          
                            2
                          
                          , 
                          
                            15
                          
                          , 
                          
                            9
                          
                           to 
                          
                            11, 40 to max
                          
                          
                            ;
  reserved 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            foo
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            bar
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;
}
                          
                        

另外,在同一个 reserved 语句中不能同时预占编号和字段名称.

2、Protocol Buffers 同样支持枚举与结构嵌套。

                          
                            enum Corpus {
  CORPUS_UNSPECIFIED 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_UNIVERSAL 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_WEB 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_IMAGES 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_LOCAL 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            4
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_NEWS 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            5
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_PRODUCTS 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            6
                          
                          
                            ;
  CORPUS_VIDEO 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            7
                          
                          
                            ;
}

message SearchRequest {
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           query = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
  
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           page_number = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;
  
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           result_per_page = 
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            ;
  Corpus corpus 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            4
                          
                          
                            ;
}
                          
                        

枚举的第一个值为0,另外也支持键值对类型 map<key_type, value_type> map_field = N,

3、再来看另外一个语句

                          
                            message SearchResponse {
  repeated Result results 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
}

message Result {
  optional 
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           url = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           title = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;
  repeated 
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           snippets = 
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            ;
}
                          
                        

optional 关键字 字面意思是可选的意思,具体protobuf里面怎么处理这个字段呢,就是protobuf处理的时候另外加了一个bool的变量,用来标记这个optional字段是否有值,发送方在发送的时候,如果这个字段有值,那么就给bool变量标记为true,否则就标记为false,接收方在收到这个字段的同时,也会收到发送方同时发送的bool变量,拿着bool变量就知道这个字段是否有值了,这就是option的意思.

repeated 关键字 字面意思大概是重复的意思,其实protobuf处理这个字段的时候,也是optional字段一样,另外加了一个count计数变量,用于标明这个字段有多少个,这样发送方发送的时候,同时发送了count计数变量和这个字段的起始地址,接收方在接受到数据之后,按照count来解析对应的数据即可.

4、导入

如果你想导入别的 proto 文件里的消息类型,同样也可以使用 import 导入:

                          
                            import
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            myproject/other_protos.proto
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          ;
                        

默认情况下,只能使用直接导入的 .proto 文件中的定义。然而,有时您可能需要将 .proto 文件移动到新的位置。您可以在旧位置放置一个占位符的.proto文件,使用 import public 将所有导入转发到新位置,而不是直接移动 .proto 文件并在一次更改中更新所有调用站点.

5、包

您可以向.proto文件添加可选的包说明符,以防止协议消息类型之间的名称冲突.

                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             foo.bar;
message Open { ... }
                          
                        
                          
                            message Foo {
  ...
  foo.bar.Open open 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
  ...
}
                          
                        

为了生成Go代码,可以为提供编译后的输出路径.

                          option go_package = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            example.com/project/protos/fizz
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          ;
                        

2、定义服务

如果您想在RPC(远程过程调用)系统中使用您的消息类型,您可以在 .proto 文件中定义RPC服务接口,protocol buffer compiler将用您选择的语言生成服务接口代码。因此,如果你想用一个方法定义一个RPC服务,它接受你的SearchRequest并返回一个SearchResponse,你可以在你的 .proto 文件中定义它,如下所示

                          
                            service SearchService {
  rpc Search(SearchRequest) returns (SearchResponse);
}
                          
                        

3、编译 protocol buffer

现在运行编译器,指定源目录(应用程序源代码所在的目录-如果不提供值,则使用当前目录)和目标目录(您希望生成的代码存放的目录;通常与$SRC_DIR相同),以及你的 .proto 的路径。在这种情况下,您将调用

                          protoc -I=$SRC_DIR --go_out=$DST_DIR $SRC_DIR/addressbook.proto
                        

 假如您输入以下命令进行编译,并且 proto 文件使用了 option go_package = "/path2",

                          protoc --go_out=./path1 ./test.proto
                        

那么输出目录就在当前目录的 /path1/paht2 目录下.

举个例子:

                          syntax = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;


                          
                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             test;

option go_package 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            order/service
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;

message SearchRequest {
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           requestParam1 = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           requestParam2 = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;
  
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           requestParam3 = 
                          
                            3
                          
                          
                            ;
}

message SearchResponse {
  
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                           code = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           msg = 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ;
}

service SearchService {
  rpc SearchOrder(SearchRequest) returns (SearchResponse);
}
                          
                        

使用如下命令进行编译:

                          protoc --go_out=./gen ./test.proto
                        

编译之后的文件在 ./gen/order/service/ 目录下,文件名为 test.pb.go

                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             versions:

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                                 protoc-gen-go v1.28.1

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                                 protoc        v4.22.0

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             source: test.proto
                          
                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             service


                          
                          
                            import
                          
                          
                             (
    protoreflect 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    protoimpl 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    reflect 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            reflect
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    sync 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            sync
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
)


                          
                          
                            const
                          
                          
                             (
    
                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Verify that this generated code is sufficiently up-to-date.
                          
                          
    _ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(
                          
                            20
                          
                           -
                          
                             protoimpl.MinVersion)
    
                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Verify that runtime/protoimpl is sufficiently up-to-date.
                          
                          
    _ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 
                          
                            20
                          
                          
                            )
)


                          
                          
                            type
                          
                           SearchRequest 
                          
                            struct
                          
                          
                             {
    state         protoimpl.MessageState
    sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
    unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

    RequestParam1 
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           `protobuf:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            bytes,1,opt,name=requestParam1,proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                           json:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            requestParam1,omitempty
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            `
    RequestParam2 
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           `protobuf:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            bytes,2,opt,name=requestParam2,proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                           json:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            requestParam2,omitempty
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            `
    RequestParam3 
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                            `protobuf:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            varint,3,opt,name=requestParam3,proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                           json:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            requestParam3,omitempty
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            `
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *
                          
                            SearchRequest) Reset() {
    
                          
                          *x =
                          
                             SearchRequest{}
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                          
                             protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
        mi :
                          
                          = &file_test_proto_msgTypes[
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            ]
        ms :
                          
                          =
                          
                             protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
        ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
    }
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchRequest) String() 
                          
                            string
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (*
                          
                            SearchRequest) ProtoMessage() {}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *
                          
                            SearchRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
    mi :
                          
                          = &file_test_proto_msgTypes[
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            ]
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x !=
                          
                             nil {
        ms :
                          
                          =
                          
                             protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
        
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           ms.LoadMessageInfo() ==
                          
                             nil {
            ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
        }
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             ms
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             mi.MessageOf(x)
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Deprecated: Use SearchRequest.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (*SearchRequest) Descriptor() ([]
                          
                            byte
                          
                          , []
                          
                            int
                          
                          
                            ) {
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []
                          
                            int
                          
                          {
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            }
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchRequest) GetRequestParam1() 
                          
                            string
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           x !=
                          
                             nil {
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             x.RequestParam1
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                            ""
                          
                          
                            
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchRequest) GetRequestParam2() 
                          
                            string
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           x !=
                          
                             nil {
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             x.RequestParam2
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                            ""
                          
                          
                            
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchRequest) GetRequestParam3() 
                          
                            int32
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           x !=
                          
                             nil {
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             x.RequestParam3
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            
}


                          
                          
                            type
                          
                           SearchResponse 
                          
                            struct
                          
                          
                             {
    state         protoimpl.MessageState
    sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
    unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

    Code 
                          
                          
                            int32
                          
                            `protobuf:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            varint,1,opt,name=code,proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                           json:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            code,omitempty
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            `
    Msg  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           `protobuf:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            bytes,2,opt,name=msg,proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                           json:
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            msg,omitempty
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            `
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *
                          
                            SearchResponse) Reset() {
    
                          
                          *x =
                          
                             SearchResponse{}
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                          
                             protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
        mi :
                          
                          = &file_test_proto_msgTypes[
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ]
        ms :
                          
                          =
                          
                             protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
        ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
    }
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchResponse) String() 
                          
                            string
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (*
                          
                            SearchResponse) ProtoMessage() {}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *
                          
                            SearchResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
    mi :
                          
                          = &file_test_proto_msgTypes[
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ]
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x !=
                          
                             nil {
        ms :
                          
                          =
                          
                             protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
        
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           ms.LoadMessageInfo() ==
                          
                             nil {
            ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
        }
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             ms
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             mi.MessageOf(x)
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Deprecated: Use SearchResponse.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (*SearchResponse) Descriptor() ([]
                          
                            byte
                          
                          , []
                          
                            int
                          
                          
                            ) {
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []
                          
                            int
                          
                          {
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            }
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchResponse) GetCode() 
                          
                            int32
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           x !=
                          
                             nil {
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             x.Code
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (x *SearchResponse) GetMsg() 
                          
                            string
                          
                          
                             {
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           x !=
                          
                             nil {
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             x.Msg
    }
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                            ""
                          
                          
                            
}


                          
                          
                            var
                          
                          
                             File_test_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor


                          
                          
                            var
                          
                           file_test_proto_rawDesc = []
                          
                            byte
                          
                          
                            {
    
                          
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x2e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x70
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x04
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x22
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x81
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x68
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x24
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x50
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x31
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x18
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x20
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x28
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x09
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x50
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x31
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x24
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x50
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x32
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x18
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x02
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x20
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x28
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x09
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x50
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x32
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x24
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x50
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x33
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x18
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x03
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x20
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x28
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x05
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x50
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x33
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x22
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x36
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x68
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x70
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x04
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x64
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x18
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x20
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x28
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x05
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x04
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x64
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x10
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x03
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x67
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x18
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x02
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x20
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x01
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x28
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x09
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x03
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x67
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x32
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x49
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x68
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x76
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x69
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x38
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0b
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x68
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x4f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x64
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x12
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x13
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x2e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x2e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x68
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x71
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x75
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x1a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x14
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x2e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x2e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x53
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x61
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x68
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x52
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x70
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6e
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x42
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x5a
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x0d
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x64
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x2f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x73
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x76
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x69
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x63
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x65
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x62
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x06
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x70
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x72
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x74
                          
                          
                            ,
    
                          
                          
                            0x6f
                          
                          , 
                          
                            0x33
                          
                          
                            ,
}


                          
                          
                            var
                          
                          
                             (
    file_test_proto_rawDescOnce sync.Once
    file_test_proto_rawDescData 
                          
                          =
                          
                             file_test_proto_rawDesc
)


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP() []
                          
                            byte
                          
                          
                             {
    file_test_proto_rawDescOnce.Do(
                          
                          
                            func
                          
                          
                            () {
        file_test_proto_rawDescData 
                          
                          =
                          
                             protoimpl.X.CompressGZIP(file_test_proto_rawDescData)
    })
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             file_test_proto_rawDescData
}


                          
                          
                            var
                          
                           file_test_proto_msgTypes = 
                          
                            make
                          
                          ([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            )

                          
                          
                            var
                          
                           file_test_proto_goTypes = []
                          
                            interface
                          
                          
                            {}{
    (
                          
                          *SearchRequest)(nil),  
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             0: test.SearchRequest
                          
                          
    (*SearchResponse)(nil), 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             1: test.SearchResponse
                          
                          
                            }

                          
                          
                            var
                          
                           file_test_proto_depIdxs = []
                          
                            int32
                          
                          
                            {
    
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             0: test.SearchService.SearchOrder:input_type -> test.SearchRequest
                          
                          
                            1
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             1: test.SearchService.SearchOrder:output_type -> test.SearchResponse
                          
                          
                            1
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             [1:2] is the sub-list for method output_type
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             [0:1] is the sub-list for method input_type
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             [0:0] is the sub-list for extension type_name
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             [0:0] is the sub-list for extension extendee
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          , 
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             [0:0] is the sub-list for field type_name
                          
                          
                            }


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                          
                             init() { file_test_proto_init() }

                          
                          
                            func
                          
                          
                             file_test_proto_init() {
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           File_test_proto !=
                          
                             nil {
        
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                            
    }
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           !
                          
                            protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
        file_test_proto_msgTypes[
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          ].Exporter = 
                          
                            func
                          
                          (v 
                          
                            interface
                          
                          {}, i 
                          
                            int
                          
                          ) 
                          
                            interface
                          
                          
                            {} {
            
                          
                          
                            switch
                          
                           v := v.(*
                          
                            SearchRequest); i {
            
                          
                          
                            case
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &
                          
                            v.state
            
                          
                          
                            case
                          
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &
                          
                            v.sizeCache
            
                          
                          
                            case
                          
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &
                          
                            v.unknownFields
            
                          
                          
                            default
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             nil
            }
        }
        file_test_proto_msgTypes[
                          
                          
                            1
                          
                          ].Exporter = 
                          
                            func
                          
                          (v 
                          
                            interface
                          
                          {}, i 
                          
                            int
                          
                          ) 
                          
                            interface
                          
                          
                            {} {
            
                          
                          
                            switch
                          
                           v := v.(*
                          
                            SearchResponse); i {
            
                          
                          
                            case
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &
                          
                            v.state
            
                          
                          
                            case
                          
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &
                          
                            v.sizeCache
            
                          
                          
                            case
                          
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &
                          
                            v.unknownFields
            
                          
                          
                            default
                          
                          
                            :
                
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                          
                             nil
            }
        }
    }
    
                          
                          
                            type
                          
                           x 
                          
                            struct
                          
                          
                            {}
    out :
                          
                          =
                          
                             protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
        File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
            GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
            RawDescriptor: file_test_proto_rawDesc,
            NumEnums:      
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            ,
            NumMessages:   
                          
                          
                            2
                          
                          
                            ,
            NumExtensions: 
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            ,
            NumServices:   
                          
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ,
        },
        GoTypes:           file_test_proto_goTypes,
        DependencyIndexes: file_test_proto_depIdxs,
        MessageInfos:      file_test_proto_msgTypes,
    }.Build()
    File_test_proto 
                          
                          =
                          
                             out.File
    file_test_proto_rawDesc 
                          
                          =
                          
                             nil
    file_test_proto_goTypes 
                          
                          =
                          
                             nil
    file_test_proto_depIdxs 
                          
                          =
                          
                             nil
}
                          
                        

如果你要使用的消息结构的话,可以看如下示例:

                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             main


                          
                          
                            import
                          
                          
                             (
    
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            fmt
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            github.com/golang/protobuf/proto
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    pb 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            study.com/study-user/api/proto/gen/order/service
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
)


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                          
                             main() {
    request :
                          
                          = &
                          
                            pb.SearchRequest{
        RequestParam1: 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            aaa
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ,
        RequestParam2: 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            bbb
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ,
        RequestParam3: 
                          
                          
                            0
                          
                          
                            ,
    }
    fmt.Printf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            编码前: %v \n
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , request)
    marshal, err :
                          
                          =
                          
                             proto.Marshal(request)
    fmt.Printf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            编码后: %v \n
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , marshal)
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err ==
                          
                             nil {
        newRequest :
                          
                          = &
                          
                            pb.SearchRequest{}
        proto.Unmarshal(marshal, newRequest)
        fmt.Printf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            解码后: %v \n
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , newRequest)
    }

}
                          
                        

细心的你可能发现,我没有调用函数,毕竟也没有定义函数,你就算用 pb. 后面也找不到函数名,可以先看看gRPC,这里会告诉你答案.

4、gRPC介绍

当你来到gRPC官网Go语言时,他会要求你提前准备如下:

1、 安装 Go 。

2、 安装 Protocol Buffer 编译器 。

3、安装编译插件 。

                          $ go 
                          
                            install
                          
                           google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@v1.
                          
                            28
                          
                          
                            
$ go 
                          
                          
                            install
                          
                           google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@v1.
                          
                            2
                          
                        

4、配置 Protocol Buffer 环境变量 。

                          $ export PATH=
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            $PATH:$(go env GOPATH)/bin
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                        

5、下载测试用例 。

                          git clone -b v1.
                          
                            53.0
                          
                           --depth 
                          
                            1
                          
                           https:
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                            github.com/grpc/grpc-go
                          
                        

6、运行示例 。

                          go run greeter_server/
                          
                            main.go
go run greeter_client
                          
                          /main.go
                        

6、生成 gRPC代码 。

                          $ protoc --go_out=. --go_opt=paths=
                          
                            source_relative \
    
                          
                          --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=paths=
                          
                            source_relative \
    helloworld
                          
                          /helloworld.proto
                        

这个我们拿之前的例子来举例,go_opt 选项你可以在源文件中使用 option go_package 来替代.

                          protoc --go_out=./gen --go-grpc_out=./gen ./test.proto
                        

这时可以看到生成了两个文件:test.pb.go、test_grpc.pb.go,我们来看一下生成的 grpc 代码:

                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             versions:

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.2.0

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             - protoc             v4.22.0

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             source: test.proto
                          
                          
                            
package service

import (
    context 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            context
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    grpc 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    codes 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc/codes
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    status 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc/status
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
)


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
                          
                          
const _ =
                          
                             grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             SearchServiceClient is the client API for SearchService service.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             For semantics around ctx use and closing/ending streaming RPCs, please refer to 
                          
                          
                            https://pkg.go.dev/google.golang.org/grpc/?tab=doc
                          
                          
                            #ClientConn.NewStream.
                          
                          
                            type SearchServiceClient interface {
    SearchOrder(ctx context.Context, 
                          
                          
                            in
                          
                           *SearchRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*
                          
                            SearchResponse, error)
}

type searchServiceClient struct {
    
                          
                          
                            cc
                          
                          
                             grpc.ClientConnInterface
}

func NewSearchServiceClient(
                          
                          
                            cc
                          
                          
                             grpc.ClientConnInterface) SearchServiceClient {
    return 
                          
                          &searchServiceClient{
                          
                            cc
                          
                          
                            }
}

func (c 
                          
                          *searchServiceClient) SearchOrder(ctx context.Context, 
                          
                            in
                          
                           *SearchRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*
                          
                            SearchResponse, error) {
    out :
                          
                          =
                          
                             new(SearchResponse)
    err :
                          
                          = c.
                          
                            cc
                          
                          .Invoke(ctx, 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            /test.SearchService/SearchOrder
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , 
                          
                            in
                          
                          
                            , out, opts...)
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err !=
                          
                             nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    return out, nil
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             SearchServiceServer is the server API for SearchService service.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             All implementations must embed UnimplementedSearchServiceServer

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             for forward compatibility
                          
                          
                            type SearchServiceServer interface {
    SearchOrder(context.Context, 
                          
                          *SearchRequest) (*
                          
                            SearchResponse, error)
    mustEmbedUnimplementedSearchServiceServer()
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             UnimplementedSearchServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
                          
                          
                            type UnimplementedSearchServiceServer struct {
}

func (UnimplementedSearchServiceServer) SearchOrder(context.Context, 
                          
                          *SearchRequest) (*
                          
                            SearchResponse, error) {
    return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            method SearchOrder not implemented
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            )
}
func (UnimplementedSearchServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedSearchServiceServer() {}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             UnsafeSearchServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to SearchServiceServer will

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             result in compilation errors.
                          
                          
                            type UnsafeSearchServiceServer interface {
    mustEmbedUnimplementedSearchServiceServer()
}

func RegisterSearchServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv SearchServiceServer) {
    s.RegisterService(
                          
                          &
                          
                            SearchService_ServiceDesc, srv)
}

func _SearchService_SearchOrder_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
    
                          
                          
                            in
                          
                           :=
                          
                             new(SearchRequest)
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err := dec(
                          
                            in
                          
                          ); err !=
                          
                             nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           interceptor ==
                          
                             nil {
        return srv.(SearchServiceServer).SearchOrder(ctx, 
                          
                          
                            in
                          
                          
                            )
    }
    
                          
                          
                            info
                          
                           := &
                          
                            grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
        Server:     srv,
        FullMethod: 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            /test.SearchService/SearchOrder
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ,
    }
    handler :
                          
                          =
                          
                             func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
        return srv.(SearchServiceServer).SearchOrder(ctx, req.(
                          
                          *
                          
                            SearchRequest))
    }
    return interceptor(ctx, 
                          
                          
                            in
                          
                          , 
                          
                            info
                          
                          
                            , handler)
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             SearchService_ServiceDesc is the grpc.ServiceDesc for SearchService service.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             It's only intended for direct use with grpc.RegisterService,

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             and not to be introspected or modified (even as a copy)
                          
                          
var SearchService_ServiceDesc =
                          
                             grpc.ServiceDesc{
    ServiceName: 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            test.SearchService
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ,
    HandlerType: (
                          
                          *
                          
                            SearchServiceServer)(nil),
    Methods: []grpc.MethodDesc{
        {
            MethodName: 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            SearchOrder
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ,
            Handler:    _SearchService_SearchOrder_Handler,
        },
    },
    Streams:  []grpc.StreamDesc{},
    Metadata: 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            test.proto
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ,
}
                          
                        

我们重点关注如下:

                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             SearchServiceServer is the server API for SearchService service.

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             All implementations must embed UnimplementedSearchServiceServer

                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             for forward compatibility
                          
                          
                            type SearchServiceServer interface {
    SearchOrder(context.Context, 
                          
                          *SearchRequest) (*
                          
                            SearchResponse, error)
    mustEmbedUnimplementedSearchServiceServer()
}
                          
                        

SearchServiceServer 是 SearchService 服务的 api,所有的实现必须组合 mustEmbedUnimplementedSearchServiceServer 为了向前兼容.

7、官方helloworld使用示例 。

proto 文件:

                          syntax = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            proto3
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;

option go_package 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;
option java_multiple_files 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            true
                          
                          
                            ;
option java_package 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            io.grpc.examples.helloworld
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;
option java_outer_classname 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            HelloWorldProto
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            ;


                          
                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             helloworld;


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             The greeting service definition.
                          
                          
                            service Greeter {
  
                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Sends a greeting
                          
                          
                              rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             The request message containing the user's name.
                          
                          
                            message HelloRequest {
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           name = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             The response message containing the greetings
                          
                          
                            message HelloReply {
  
                          
                          
                            string
                          
                           message = 
                          
                            1
                          
                          
                            ;
}
                          
                        

服务端:

                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             main


                          
                          
                            import
                          
                          
                             (
    
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            context
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            flag
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            fmt
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            log
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            net
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    pb 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
)


                          
                          
                            var
                          
                          
                             (
    port 
                          
                          = flag.Int(
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            port
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , 
                          
                            50051
                          
                          , 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            The server port
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            )
)


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             server is used to implement helloworld.GreeterServer.
                          
                          
                            type
                          
                           server 
                          
                            struct
                          
                          
                             {
    pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer
}


                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             SayHello implements helloworld.GreeterServer
                          
                          
                            func
                          
                           (s *server) SayHello(ctx context.Context, in *pb.HelloRequest) (*pb.HelloReply, 
                          
                            error
                          
                          
                            ) {
    log.Printf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            Received: %v
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , in.GetName())
    
                          
                          
                            return
                          
                           &pb.HelloReply{Message: 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            Hello 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                           +
                          
                             in.GetName()}, nil
}


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                          
                             main() {
    flag.Parse()
    lis, err :
                          
                          = net.Listen(
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            tcp
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , fmt.Sprintf(
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            :%d
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , *
                          
                            port))
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err !=
                          
                             nil {
        log.Fatalf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            failed to listen: %v
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , err)
    }
    s :
                          
                          =
                          
                             grpc.NewServer()
    pb.RegisterGreeterServer(s, 
                          
                          &
                          
                            server{})
    log.Printf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            server listening at %v
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , lis.Addr())
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err := s.Serve(lis); err !=
                          
                             nil {
        log.Fatalf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            failed to serve: %v
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , err)
    }
}
                          
                        

官方使用 server 组合了 pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer,然后 server 实现了 SayHello 的方法.

在 main 方法里对某个端口号进行监听,并注册了 SayHello 服务,因为只有一个 rpc 方法,然后服务端进行服务.

客户端:

                          
                            package
                          
                          
                             main


                          
                          
                            import
                          
                          
                             (
    
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            context
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            flag
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            log
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            time
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
    pb 
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
)


                          
                          
                            const
                          
                          
                             (
    defaultName 
                          
                          = 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            world
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            
)


                          
                          
                            var
                          
                          
                             (
    addr 
                          
                          = flag.String(
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            addr
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            localhost:50051
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            the address to connect to
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            )
    name 
                          
                          = flag.String(
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            name
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          , defaultName, 
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            Name to greet
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            )
)


                          
                          
                            func
                          
                          
                             main() {
    flag.Parse()
    
                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Set up a connection to the server.
                          
                          
    conn, err := grpc.Dial(*
                          
                            addr, grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err !=
                          
                             nil {
        log.Fatalf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            did not connect: %v
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , err)
    }
    
                          
                          
                            defer
                          
                          
                             conn.Close()
    c :
                          
                          =
                          
                             pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)

    
                          
                          
                            //
                          
                          
                             Contact the server and print out its response.
                          
                          
    ctx, cancel :=
                          
                             context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second)
    
                          
                          
                            defer
                          
                          
                             cancel()
    r, err :
                          
                          = c.SayHello(ctx, &pb.HelloRequest{Name: *
                          
                            name})
    
                          
                          
                            if
                          
                           err !=
                          
                             nil {
        log.Fatalf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            could not greet: %v
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , err)
    }
    log.Printf(
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            Greeting: %s
                          
                          
                            "
                          
                          
                            , r.GetMessage())
}
                          
                        

客户端连接服务端gRPC服务地址,调用服务端的 SayHello 方法,拿到结果后返回.

如果想要详细了解的话,可以看看 gRPC 官方文档哈,如果有帮助可以帮忙点个赞哈! 。

最后此篇关于ProtocolBuffers3学习的文章就讲到这里了,如果你想了解更多关于ProtocolBuffers3学习的内容请搜索CFSDN的文章或继续浏览相关文章,希望大家以后支持我的博客! 。

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